Nicotine replacement

Nicotine replacement therapy — usually shortened to NRT — can help you cope with cravings in the early days of stopping smoking. You can buy it over the counter or from a pharmacist, and in some cases it’s available free or on prescription through your local stop smoking service or GP.

How does nicotine replacement (NRT) help?

People smoke mainly because they’re addicted to nicotine.

NRT supplies a small, steady amount of nicotine — but without the tar, carbon monoxide and other toxic chemicals that come with tobacco smoke.

That helps ease the unpleasant withdrawal symptoms many people get in the first few days after quitting.

Combine products for the best results

The evidence shows that using more than one type of NRT together works better than relying on a single product.

A good approach is to pair a long-lasting product, such as a patch, with a faster-acting one — like gum, an inhalator or a nasal spray — to deal with cravings the moment they hit.

A course of NRT usually runs for 8 to 12 weeks. After that, you gradually lower the dose until you’re ready to stop altogether.

The different types of NRT

NRT comes in a range of forms and strengths. Start with the strength that’s right for you, then reduce the dose over time.

Patches

Worn on the skin and release nicotine slowly. Some are designed to stay on all day and night, while others should be removed before bed.

Gum

Chew until you feel a slight tingle, then rest it between your cheek and gums.

Spray

Sprayed into the mouth or nose — depending on the product — for fast craving relief.

Inhaler

A mouthpiece fitted with nicotine cartridges, sometimes called an inhaler.

Lozenges

Held in the mouth, where they slowly dissolve and release nicotine.

Who can use NRT?

Most people can use NRT, including:

adults and children aged 12 and over — though under-18s should get medical advice before using lozenges
women who are pregnant or breastfeeding — your doctor or midwife may recommend NRT if they think it will help you quit, and can show you how to use it safely

NRT can be bought over the counter or from a pharmacist, and in some cases it’s free or available on prescription from your stop smoking service or GP.

Always read the packet or leaflet first to check a product is suitable for you. If you have an underlying health condition or take other medication, speak to your GP before you start.

More ways to quit

Vaping

Vapes, or e-cigarettes, are now the most popular quitting aid, and many people have stopped smoking by switching to them. Read about vaping.

Local stop smoking support

You’re far more likely to quit for good with support than by relying on willpower alone. Find your local service.